Mechanism for the interconversion of reciprocating and rotary motions



June 17. 1930. 5 MlCHELL Rel 17.701

ERCONVERSION OF'RECIPROCATING AND ROTARY MOTIONS MECHANISM FOR THE INT Filed May 23. 1924 6 Sheets-Sme t A. s. M. MICHEL]. Re. 17,701

MECHANISM FOR THE INTERCONVEHSL ON OF RECIPE-COATING AND ROTAKL MOTIONS June 17, 1930.

Filed May 25, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 17, 1930.

A. e. M. MICHELL Re. 17,701

MECHAX IISM FOR THE INTERCONVERSION OF RECIPROCATING AND ROTARY MOTIONS Filed May 25. 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 A. G. M. MICHELL Re. 17,701

OTARY MOTIONS June 17, .1930.

MECHANISM FOR THE INTERCONVERSION 0F RECIPROCATING AND R Filed May 23, 1924 s Shets-Sheet 4- June 1 1930. A. G. M. MICHELL Re..17,701

MECHANISM FOR THE INTERCONVERSIEN' OFRECIPROCATING ANUHOTARY MOTIONS FileQJQa Z S, 1924 e Sheets-sheaf 5 Fig/7 June 17, 1930. a- Re. 17,701

MECHANISM FOR THE INTERCONVERSION OF RECIPROCATING AND ROTARY MOTIONS Filed May 25, 1924 v 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 'Reissued June 1930 UNITED STATE PATENroFF-lcs amr'nonr (moms mmnc'm r nennnr,

or museums, sus'rmn, 'ASSIGNOB, BY

, nnsrm ASSIGNMENTS, 'ro mmnnLL-cmxms's enemas oonr'om'r'rou, or mrw YORK, 11. r., a conronslrron or new roan nrzcnsmsu ron rim mmconvsnsron or nncrrnoca'rl'rie AND mam: armors I winafter set forth and one, of

) tained v y 1,418,598, and application dependent upon the em-.

'and it is the primary ob Original No. 1,666,539,:1ated April 1?, 192a, Seriallfl'o. 715,491, an m menu in simian m 4, 1923. Application for reissue filed November 7,

In crankless mechanism of the swash plate or slant type as described in United'states Reissue Patent No. 15,7 56, Patent No. Serial No. 545,193, d amical balance is oymentof at least three'mainrec'iprocatin elements spaced atequaLa-ngular interva s relative to the circumference of the slant and by a correct adjustment to each other of the masses of the slant and said reciprocating elements.- Such balance is not,'hewever, obtainable in this way where the number of reciprecable elements is less than three 'ect of the present invention to achieve such important but I subsidiary Further as an v tlon' feature to said primary object the inve contemplates that the "means employed for attaining the latter'object shall also be ca-' able of, combinin when desired, the facil? e longitudinal". position ments. Other objects in addition to the foregoing primary and subsidiary features are inc ude in the present invention su'ch objeets where two cylinders are arran ed td co-act with the slant and are locate to subtend o the slant, is to secure a be. 110's of the moments of momentum of the pistons in two planes at right angles to one anotheras vwell as a balance of the axial momentum of the slant.

Briefl stated the primary object is ata swash plate having parallel movement along its longitudinal axis where by it is capable of performing a longitudinal or Iaxialreciprocating motion synchronous with its rotary motion in combination with means for controllinlg said first motion as hereinafter explaine One practical method of controlling said motion consists in roviding an abutment the swash plate between block contacting wit each working, face of the axis and circumferenoe of the latter, the contacting-sun whichwill be here-.-

an angle of approximately 90'degl ees at the .axis a alance where only h. the said lesser numberof reciproeablefele- .ments' is usediin the crankless mechanism.

and arrangement of t e artseonstituling.

. tures. of the present invention-"are. depicted the section 1929? Serial no. 405,529.

'jaees of which abutment blocks are capable fof articulated movement.

said elementsr Furtherby locatin elements coacting, with-a slant 9. artfrom t e" de 1 ant with re motions'stated, at angles equally a vertical lane and control of longitu inal motion of the" gard'to the relativewveiglits ofthe' recipro and attachments and of the slant and its attachments, 'solthatthe longi-- h tudinal'inomentumbf the former equal cable elements opposite toi that'of thelatter,the moving parts will be in true "dynamical balance as longitudinal motions.

regards their Again, in order to attain in addition true dynamicalbalance between the moments of ,necessar to observe two further relations as hereina er set out. Y

t In the accompan drawings thelforms c'r nklessf mechanisms em y ng and for,"'conven1ence the mechanisms illustrated are in 'the form of air-compressors.

It has, 'howeven'to be understood that the invention is ually. I?)Pli68bl6 to various classes of nine ines, o specified which'involve the conversion of ro taxi? to reciprocatory motion or vice versa.

- igure 1 of the drawings is a vertical axial section .on line 1-1 of igure 2 of a comressor embodyi the-invention,

ing a cross sectionofthe same machine, being taken on lineII, II of Figures .1 and 18;

igure3 is a partial oblique axial sect-ion providingifor adjustment of V g two ofithe reciprocal g s'T synchronous Iaxial reciprocating and 'rotary the crankless type Figure 2.

v.i ment' o:E the'plearaime between therecipr0; e elements (su hpasser-snar s tcylin er head andalso of the of the with a rigid extension, in th on line III, III of Figure 2, Fi ure 4 being a cross section on the line IV, Il ofFigure 1 of a detail of the machine;

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrat ing the functions of the principal parts, while Figures 6 and 7 show modifications of some of the parts designed for effecting adjustments, as hereinafter explained;

Figures 8, 9, 10 illustrate a modified form of the construction shown in previous figures of drawings, Figure 8 being a cross section and Figures 9 and 10 respectively horizontal and partial oblique axial sections taken on the lines IX, IX and X, X of Figure 8. Figures 11, 12 are partial axial sections showing alternative modesof construction of some of the parts. further modification and Figures 14 and 15 respectively horizontal and vertical axial sections on the lines XIV, XIV and XV, XV ofFigure 13;

Figures 16 and 17 are cross sections, corresponding to Figure 1, of further modified forms of construction; and

- Figure 18 is a section on line XVIII -'I Fig. 2, and, similar to Fig. 1, showing the relation of the adjusting means.

According to Figure 1 the swash-plate (hereinafter called the slant) is rigidly mounted upon a shaft 2, which rotates in fixed bearings 3, 3. The frame 4 of the ma chine together with the cover 4 encloses the slant 1, and the former comprises cylinders 5, 5 whose axes are parallel to that of the shaft/2. Each cylinder contains a piston 6, adaptedto reciprocate therein and furnished e form of a yoke 7, and with slippers 8, 8", whereby operative connection is made with the slant 1 so that the piston makes one complete reciprocative movement for each revolution of the slant.'

The. form of such operative connection between the slant, slippers and pistons, as here in illustrated is that described in the prior .Reissuc Patent 15,756 cited above, but it is to be understood that the present invention is applicable to any type of slant or swashplate, whether operating in conjunction with slippers, or with ball-races, or otherwise, provided that it is-adapted to an exactly, or approximately, harmonic motion of the pistons or other reciprocating elements in syn chronism with-its own rotation.

As shown in Figure '2. the cylinders 5,5, are located so that two planes which respectively pass through the axis of one of the cylinders 5 and the axis 0 of the shaft 2 make with the vertical line 1, 1 angles which will be denoted by the symbol Z, being each equal to the acute angle between the lines II and III-III of Figure 2. The. heads of the cylinders 5, may be closed with cylindrical blocks 9", attached to a common cover 9 boltedto the frame 4.- The movement of the fluid through the cylinders 5 is controlled Figure 13 is a cross section of a The valve 10 rotates with the shaft 2, being preferably driven therefrom by means of a coupling member 17, which allows by well known means, as shown in Figure 4. for any slight eccentricity of the valve 10 and shaft 2, and also permits longitudinal movement of the coupling member 17, and the shaft 2 to which it is attached, relatively to the valve 10 for the purpose hereinafter stated.

Alternatively to the rotating valve 10 an annular valve 110 as shown in Figure 11 may be fitted to slide longitudinally in the casing. 4, being prevented from rotating therein by a fixed guide 111. The valve 110 is caused to oscillate longitudinally with the shaft 2, by contact with the collars 112 on the latter, a port 113 in the valve being thus caused to alternately open and close cylinder ports 114. The shaft 2 revolves in the valve 110 which thus forms one of the main bearings of the machine.

The slant 1, in addition to its working faces 1 18, 18, which make operative contact with the slippers, 8, 8? respectively, is formed with a pair of parallel working faces'19,-20, Figs. 1 and 3, which are preferably plane and inclined to the axis of the shaft 2 more nearly at right angles than the faces 18, 18 but with the same direction of slope, their precise inclination being determined as hereinafter set out. A slipper 21, universally jointed, asby a ball 22, to the abutment 23, and a similar slipper 24 universally jointed on the abutment 25, make operative contact respectively with the faces 19 and 20.

The abutments 23. 25 are longitudinally adustable, being for instance screwed into the frame of the machine, as shown in the case of the abutment 23, or by packing pieces 26, as shown in the case of the abutment 25. By such means the abntmentsare adjusted so that the slippers 21; 24 make simultaneous operative contact, with proper working clearance only, with the faces'19, 20 of the slant. It will be understood that as the slant revolves in operative contact with the abutments 23, 25,

there is communicated to it a longitudinal reciprocating motion synchronous with its rotaillustrated 111 Figure 5 1 from the position shown by the full line S, to that shown by the dotted lines S. It will also be understood that, the faces 19 20 being plane. and the rate of rotation of the slant uniform, such longitudinal motion of the I slant is harmonic.

' it is attache The shaft 2, being rigidly secured to' the slant, and likewise any members mounted thereon, such as the half-coupling 27, participate in this longitudinal reciprocating motion of am litude D. If the corresponding half-con ing 27 and the shaft to which are not adapted to partake of the same motion, oneof the well known types of coupling, such as that shown, which permits of the necessary relative lon itudlnal motion of its two-halves is provide attachments reciprocating with it, and M the served is (M +2m) D =v2md cos Z, Z-being the The inclination of the'faces 19 and 20 of the slant to-the faces 18, 18, is so assigned with regard to the relative weights of the is-' .tons with their attachments and ofthe s ant together with the parts attached thereto, that the longitudinalmomentum of the former is equal and opposite to that of the latter.

Expressing his relation by symbols, if m is the mass of each of the pistons including the mass of the slant withits attachments and D is asabove the longitudinal travel of the slant,

and dihe longitudinal travel of the pistons,

relative to the slant, the relation to be obangle defined above; This relation being observed, the moving parts will be in true dynamical balance as regards their longitudinal motions. I v w In order to secure in addition true dynamical balance between the moments of momentum of the .slan'tand, istons about all axes, so

- dynamical "from the relation cos 2Z= that the motion of t 'e parts of the machine will not tend to communicate an vibration, whether linear or rotational to its frame or supports, it is necessary to observe further two conditions, or relations. Firstly,

ondly, if theslant is regarded as being made up/ of two oblique slices of hollow circular.

cylinders whose respective external radii are R, and R and internal radii-R, and r, their respective masses bein M 'and M and the .tangentsof the respective angles of obliquity cf the parallelfaces of these slices being t and/t the formula tobe observed is i The radii R R and r, and the distance A a between the .axis of the slantand the axis of each of the pistons, are indicated in Figure 2.

Itwill observed from the first formula in the preceding paragraph that if, as will be usually the case, the travel D of the slant is very short compared to d the stroke of the pistons, cosine 2Z will be much smaller than the'angle Z is to be determined cos Z, andseca machine without,

cosine Z,'or in other words 2Z will be nearly equal to but somewhat less than 'de ees. For practical convenience, 2Z may usua y be made exactly, 90 degrees, as shown in the figures without incurring any serious amount of vibration in the operation of the machine.

.It will also be seen from the above statement, that whereas according to the (prior Patent 1,409,057, it was necessary in or er to secure dynamical balance that there should be at least 3 piston elements arranged at equal angular intervals around the shaft, it is in the present case necessary to provide'only two pistons of appropriatemasses in relation to the mass of the slant, in order to effect com-- plete balance both as regards the longitudinal I and the angular moments.

If the conditions of balance as above set forth are correctly Provided, the slant and its attachments will, so far as kinetic effects are concerned, oscillate longitudinally with travel D, without exerting any forces .on the slip pers 21 and 24 or abutments 23 and 25, these then serving merely to define the location of the slant without bein sub'ected to 'load therefrom. Consequent y, f w ile the fluid pressures in ,the cylinders 5, transmitted through the pistons 6 and slipper 8 to the working face 18, impose a load on-the slipper 21 and abutments 23 at every working a stroke of the pistons, no corres ending load is required to be carried by the s ipper 24 and abutment '25. The construction shown in Figure 6 may therefore beadopted, in which the: abutment 23, as in Figure 1, is screwed in the cover 4, being provided with a handwheel 37 for turning, and nut 37 for locking the screw. The opposing abutment? 25, provided in this case with a stem 28, is fitted to slide longitudi-nallyin the frame 4 and a spring 29 isapplied tween the frame and as to maintainithe slipper 24 the abutment so in contact with the slant face 20.

By turning .the hand wheel 37, the longi-v inder clearance and the piston stroke can be varied during operation. In this case the abutmenid2n3ptigd be ed bth riage 3l) to mov as y epinlon 31 on Shaft 31 is a radial direction with respect to cover 4. If the guides 23' of the abutment .23, are inclined so that .the movending to that of the abutment 23 Hit mountedin' a separate car;

and

' furnished with an integral or rigidly fitted corresponds with minimum clearance between the pistons and cylinder heads, the stroke only of the abutment and the longitudinal travel of the slant are varied by rotating the pinion 31. By giving the guides 23, different directions in the radial plane the slipper is given a component of motion in the direction of the axis and the stroke of the slant and the stroke and clearance of the pistons can be simultaneously varied. It is to he noted, however, that such adjustment of g the longitudinal travel of the slant, disturbs the relation (1l1+2m)D= 2mrl cos Z above stated for the longitudinal dynamical balance, the latter being consequently only strictly accurate for one particular radial position of the abut-ment 23.

It will be understood that although usually convenient, it is not essential to the practical performance of the invention that the shaft should be rigidly fixed to the slant and.oscillate longitudinally therewith. As an al ternative the arrangement shown in Figure 12 may be adopted. As shown in this figure, the slant 1 is mounted on a parallel por tion of the shaft 2, on which it is free to slide longitudinally While the shaft and slant are compelled to rotate together by the feather 120. The shaft 2 is fitted with thrust col lars 121, which restrain it from moving longitudinally while rotating in the bearings 3, 3.

It will be understood that in this case the mass of the shaft, valve, et cetera, are not to be included with that otthe slant in applying the stated formula for the longitudinal balance. p

In the specific form of construction shown in Figures 8, 9, 10 the slant 1, shaft 2, bearings 3-, frame 4 with covers 4 and 9, cylinders 5. pistons 6, slippers 8, and working face 18, are similar and similarly arranged to the parts correspondingly numbered in Figures 1 to 7. According to the present construction, however, the slant 1 instead of being rigidly mounted on the shaft 2-, is connected thereto in such a manner that the angle inclination of the face 18 to'the axis of the shaft is variable, while the slant and shaft are nevertheless constrained to rotate together. The shaft 2 may for this purpose be formed with the portion whereon the slant is mounted in the shape of an eye of rectangular section as shown at 32 in Figure.

' expanding the spring 36. The amplitude of this oscillation is de- 5 8, and the slant, being formed with 'a rectangular hole to fit thereon, may be secured to theshaft by a pin 33. The shaft 2 is also thrust collar 34 revolving against a thrust bearing 35, Whose stationary members aresupported from theframe 4, by'a spring 36. The pistons 6, in this form oi -construction Fig. 10 havereach one slipper only 8, coactlug-With the face 18, of the slant 1. The 0p posite face 18, is maintained in contact with the slipper 21 of the abutment 23, these latter being similar to the correspondingparts in Figures 1 to 7.

In cases where the fluid pressure in the cylinder is not suflicient to maintain operative contact between the faces of the slippers 8 and 21 and the slant at all times, springs 40 may be applied in the cylinder to supplement such pressure. as 'in the construction shown in Figure 8 of the prior Patent 1,409,057. v

Alternatively a retaining plate behind the slippers may be employed as in the prior Patent 1,418,598.

In order to vary'thc inclination of the slant l-at will, it is fitted with two studs 41, 42, at opposite ends of its median. line of greatest slope, these studs having ball ends 43, 44, on which pairs of slippers 45, 45*, 4G, 46, are respectively mounted. These pairs of slippers revolve respectively in annular channels 47, 48, having plane lateral faces with which the slippers make film lul'n'icated working contact. The channels 47, 48, are restrained from revolving with the slippers by a pair of screwed. rods, 49, 50, Fig. 9 each of which passes through screwed holes in bosses arranged in pairs 51, 51", 52, 52*, at diametrically opposite sides of the channels. The screw threads in the bosses 51, 51, of the channel 47 are of like hand but opposite to the hand of the threads in the bosses 52, 52 of the channel 48. Toothed wheels 53, 54, are non-rotatably mounted on the 'rods, 49, 50 respectively, and, gear with a control toothed wheel 55, which can be rotated at will by the'pinion 56, spindle 57 and handwheel 58, Figure 10. By this means the channels 47, 48, can be brought nearer to one another or moved apart, remaining always pa r allel, and the obliquity of the slant-1 can he correspondingly reduced or increased. The rods 49, 50, are free both to rotate and to slide longitudinally in holes in the frame 4,

' and cover 4, but said rods have no rotary movement other than that appplied thereto by the toothedwheels 53, 54.

It will be understood that'as the pistons (3 reciprocate, the slant 1, together with the shaft 2 and its attachments.- and the channels 47, 48,. as well asthe rod 49, 50, execute a longitudinal oscillation of opposite phase to the oscillation of the centre of mass of the pistons, thus alternately compressing and termined by the relation-already stated in -in connection with Figures 1 to The specifieform of construction shown in Figures 13, 14 and 15 agrees with the form which has been already described in connection WithFiguresl-tofl in the general construction and arrangement of the slant 1, shaft 2, bearings 3, 3, frame4 with covers and in that the two pistons 6 are connected.

rigidly together by means of the circumferential element 60, (hereinafter referred to as the collar 60) attached to the yokes 7-,

one only of these pistons being fitted as'gin the constructionshown in Figures 1 to 7, with slippers 8, 8",engaging with the slant faces The two pistons 6, and their attachments are thus compelled to reciprocate in the same phase and as a rigid whole together with the collar 60.

It will be seen from the relative positions of these slippersS, 8*,with respect to the slippers 21, 24 which engage with the slant faces 19, 20, that the slant 1, shaft 2, and other parts rigidly attached thereto are constrained to execute a longitudinal oscillation in opposite phase to the resultant reciprocation of the pistons 6 and collar 60. These oppositely moving masses will be in dynamical balance longitudinally if MD=Q(d-D) where M, D and d have the same meanings as before,and Q, is the total Weight of the two pistons 6, collar 60, and other parts reciprocating therewith.

As regards dynamical movements of momentum the two pistons 6, having their axes in the same plane with the shaft 2, are not in this case capable of effecting balance with the slant. Such balance may, however, be effected, by mounting upon the shaft 2, ad-

ditional masses to provide aproduct of inertia equal and opposite to that due to the slant. Thus if a pulley 61 is applied for driving the shaft, suitable blocks 62, 63 may be fitted therein on oppositesides of the shaft, and spaced apart longitudinally as indicated.

The Weight of such pulley and blocks must of course be included in the total weight M used in the formula given above for the longitudinal balance.

In either OfxthG forms of construction above described, lubrication'may be effected by means of a reciprocating oil' pump as shown in .Figure 1 having a plunger 64, adapted to coact withone ofthe faces 20, of the slant 1, by a slipper 65, such pump drawing oil from the oil chamber 68 in the base of the machine through suctionpipe 66, and suction valve 67, and delivering it, by passages not shown to the bearings 3, and other parts where lubrication is required.

It is to be understood that the specific are erely instances of the generic construction covered by this specification and defined in the appended claims. In particular, it is to be understood'that the integers constituting the reciprocable elements are subject-to wide variations accordingto the particular purpose of the machines.

Thus as a modification of the constructions shown in Figures 1 to 10 one of the pistons 6 may be replaced by a piston valve 166, Fig. 16 provided with slippers whereby they are actuated by the slant 1' in the same way as the pistons above described. The valve 166 may serve to open and close ports 167, 168, as it reciprocates, thus controlling discharge of fluid from the cyl-inder-5,-intake thereto being controlled by rotary valve 10 as above described .in connection with Figures 1 to 5. Y

In the further modification shown in Figure' 17, the single piston 6, reciprocating in cylinder 5, is associated with a piston valve 7 6 on one side, controlling admission to the cylinder 5 through ports 77, 78, and a second piston valve 86, on the other side controlling delivery from the cylinder 5, through ports 87, 88. The piston 6, and the valves valves 76 and 86 can be made, by appropriate assignment of the weights of these parts, and of the angles subtended by them at the axis of the slant 1, the same as that of the two pistons 5 described in connection with Figures 1 to 5. The calculation requires that the angle subtended at theaxis by the valves 76 and 86 shall be greater than that subtended by the two pistons 6, 6, and will usually be greater than 90 degrees. v

It is also to be understood, that in many cases, a partial balance, either of the longitudinal or of the angular momentum of the parts, is all that is in practice requisite. In such cases further modifications or simplifications of the construction may be made.

For instance in the form shown in Figures 1 to 5, one iston or other reciprocating part only may e used, located e.g. in the same vertical plane as the' shaft. v

The relative masses of the slant et cetera and piston et cetera, may then be determined by. the relation MD =m(d -D) whereby exact longitudinal balance will be effected, and exact angular balance may at the same time be secured in either the vertical or horizontal possible with such simplified construction to attain balance in both these planes,

Alternatively in such case itmay'be 'preferred to design the parts for unequal degrees of unbalance in both the vertical and horizontal planes, and it. may be considered suflicient permit andcontrol longitudinal movement of the slant along its axis of rotation synchronously wlththe rotation.

2. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary n'iotions, a slant,

less than three reciprocable elements coacting therewith, means to simultaneously perm-it and control the longitudinal movement of the'slant along its axis of rotation synchronously with the rotation and mcansto vary the extent of such longitudinal movement.

In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant, and less than three reciprocahle elements coacting therewith; in combination with supporting means for the slant, means to cause relative longitudinal movement between the slant and its supporting means, and means for varying the mean position of said slant relatively to its axis of rotation.

4;. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant, an axial supporting shaft therefor, less than three reciprocating elements coacting with the slant, means controlling an axial reciprocation of the slant and means for varying, the extent of said motion. I

5. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant having axialreciprocating motion, a'cylinder, a piston therein coacting with said slant, and means simultaneously controlling the. reciprocal travel of the slant and the clearance of the piston in its cylinder.

6. In mechanism for the inter-conversion o'f reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant, a shaft therefor, a reciprocable piston coacting with said slant, means causing and controlling an axial reciprocating motion of said slant and means for simultaneously controlling the reciprocating travel of the slant and piston. I

-7. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an axially reciprocating slant having two pairs of parallel working faces of differing inclinations and an articulated slipper coacting with each of said 'faces, for the purpose specified.

8. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an axially reciprocatingslant, less than three reciprocal elements coacting with said slant, a stationary abutment, and a slipper; 311316111 lated to said abutment and making working contact with said slant.

9.In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an axially reciprocating slant, an abutment, a slipper articulated thereto and in working contact with said slant, and means whereby said abutment can be adjusted with a component movement in the direction of the axis of said slant.

10. In mechanism for the iliter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an ax- -iall reci )rocatin" slant a )air of reci )rocat- 111g members caused to reciprocate by said slant and an articulated slipper making working contact with said slant to cause rcciprocation of the latter in the direction of its axis. Y

, .11. Inn echanism for the inter;conversi on ofreciprocatingand rotary motions, an axially reciprocating slant, a pair of reciprocating'elements located approximately at a right angle to each other with respect to the axis of said slant and caused to reciprocate by means of said slant, and an articulated slipper in working contact with a face of said slant to reciprocate the slant in the direction of its axis. v

l2. Inmeehanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an axially reciprocating slant; two reciprocating elements coacting with the working faces of the slant and an added pair of parallel wor ing faces on said slant, said latter faces being plane, inclined and more nearly at right angles to the axis of the slant than the wor ing faces on the latter, and a slipper contacting with each of said added faces and each slipper articulated to an-abutment, for the purpose herein specified.

13 In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, reciprocal elements and attachments thereto, an axially reciprocating slant having attached parts and having two pairs of parallel faces at different inclinations, the inclination of one pair of faces to the remaining faces on the slantbeing chosen with regard to the. relative Weights of the reciprocal elements and their attachments, and ofit he slant together with the parts attached thereto, so that the longitudinal momentum of the former is equal to and opposite to that of the latter ands abutments for the slant.

14. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motious,.an' axially reciprocating slant, two reciprocating pistons coacting with ,l inclined faces of the slant, additional inclined faces on th slant, abutments coacting with the latter ces to effect longitudinal travel of the slant, the said travel relatively to the travel of the pistons being characterized by the relation (M+2m)l) 2mcl cos Z, in which an is the mass of each piston including any attachments reciprocating with it, M the mass of. the slant and its attachments, D the longitudinal travel of the slant, d the longitudinal travel of the pistons relatively to the slant,

and Z the angle o'feach piston relativeto ,the vertical, as and for the purpose herein scribed. 1

specified. v r

15. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocatlng'and rotary motions, an axiallyreciprocatlng slant having two pairs of faces at an angle to each other, a pair of pistons coacting therewith articulated slippers, a pair of abutment members coacting through said articulated slippers with working faces on said slant and controlling the reci rocat ing motion of the slant, andmeans or ad j usting one of said abutments in a radial direction, as and 16. In mechanism for the inter-conversion tion and adjusting means therefor controlling the reciprocal travel of the slant.

22. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a rotatable and axially movable slant, reciprocable elements coacting therewith and having slipper elements engaging the slant, and auto: matically acting means for shifting said slant axially.

for the purpose herein de" of reciprocatingand rotary motions, an axi-" ally reciprocating slant, a pair of pistons cooperating with the slant, a pair of abutments coacting with the slant, and means for effect ing the adjustment of one of the latter; in combination with means for guiding said adjustment means, whereby the strokes-of the slant and the pistons and the clearance of the latter can be simultaneously varied, as here inbefore described. a

'17. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, an axially reciprocating slantyand a pair. of pistons coacting therewith the angle Z between them being determined by the equation cos 2Z=D 005 Z when 1) is the longitudinal 'travel of the slant and d the longitudinal travel of the istons relatively to the slant.

18. In mec anism for the mter-conversion I of reciprocatin and rotary motions, an axially reciprocal) e slant having 'twovpairs of faces at an angle to one another two cylinders the angle-between them being less than but approaching 90, pistons in said cylinders cpactingwith one, pair of faces of said slant,

- 'abutments cooperating with said other pair of faces and means tomove one of the abutments 1n 'a' direction across its coacting face,

1 the other abutment being yieldingly mounted.

19. Inmechanism for the inteficonversion' of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant hating rotary and axial movements, reciprocable elements coacting therewith, and means therein coacting with'said slant, means for the slant to shi automaticallyzo erable during therotation of the slant axially; 20. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating land rotary motions, a slant having rotary and axial movements, reciprocable elements coacting therewith, and means atively connecting said pistons and slant, "automatically operable means to reciprocate the slant during its rotation, and means for varying the clearance of said pistons in said cylinders.

25. In mechanism for the inter-conversion and rotary motions, a rotatof reciprocatin able slant, a plurality of cylinders, pistons in saidcylinders, means including slippers operatively connecting said pistons 1 and slant, automatically operable means to recip-' rocate the slant during its rotation and means coacting with the slant'for varying the clearance of said pistons in said cylinders. f

26. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a rotatable and recipi'ocable slant, a plurality of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, means in-' movable slant, reciprocable' eluding slippers. operatively connecting said pistons and slant, and automatically operable means for varying the reciprocation "of the slant. a

27. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a. rotatable and reciprocableslant, a plurality of cylinders,- pistons in said cylinders, means including slippers operatively connecting said pistons and slant, and automatically operable means for reciprocating said slant during the rotation thereof.

of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant, reciprocable' elements coactin therewith,

'and means to simultaneously e ect and conautoniatically operable during the rotation ofthe slant to reciprocate the slant axially.

21.- In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a slant .having rotary and axial reciprocatingmotion during engine operation, acylinder, a piston reciprocating said slant during said operatrol longitudinal movement of the slant along its axis of rotation'synchronously with the rotation, and adjusting means therefor controlling the reciprocal travel of the slant.

29. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of rec procating and rotary'motions, a slant having rotary and axial movements, an axial 28. In mechanism for the inter-conversion supporting shaft therefor, reciprocating elements-coacting with the slant, means control-- ling anlaxial reciprocation of the slant, and

means for varying theextent of said motion.

of reciprocating and rotary motions,-a rotat-- able and axially movable slant, rec'iprocable elements coacting'therewith, and automati cally operable, adjustable means for axially moving said slant alternately in op osite directions during the rotation thereoil 33. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a rotatable slant, cylinders having their axes.

parallel to the axis of rotation of the slant, pistons in said cylinders, and means operated by the rotation of said slant for varying the c earance between the pistons and cylinder heads.

34. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a rotatable and axially movable slant, reciprocable elements coacting therewith, means coacting with the slant to move said slant axially during the rotation thereof, and means for varying the stroke of said reciprocable elements.

35. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocating and rotary motions, a rotatable'and axially movable slant, reciprocable elements coacting therewith,'means coacting with the slant to move said slant axially during the rotation thereof, and means for varying the stroke of said reciprocable elements witholrt changing the axial movement of the slant.

36. In mechanism for the inter-conversion of reciprocatmgand rotary motions, a rotatable and reciprocable slant, a plurality of cylinders,-pistonsin said cylinders coacting with said slant, means for axially reci. rocating said slant during the rotation t ereof, and means for varying the stroke of the pistons without changing the axial travel'of said slant.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 2nd day of November, 1929.

ANTHONY GEORGE MALDON MICHELL slant during the rotation 

